Fenthion (Ref: OMS 2)-Pesticide database

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Fenthion (Ref: OMS 2)

(Also known as: MPP; ENT 25540; Bayer 29493; S-1752; BAY 29493; DMTP)

Fenthino is an insecticide for sucking and chewing pests. It has a low water solubility but is generally highly soluble in organic solvents. It is volatile and is not expected to leach to groundwater. Its persistence in soil and water systems depends on local conditions. It is moderately toxic to mammals and a cholinesterase inhibitor. Fenthion is highly toxic to birds and honeybees and has a high to moderate toxicity to most aquatic species and earthworms.

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate Moderate alert: Moderately persistent; Drainflow: Slightly mobile; Potential for particle bound transport: Medium	Ecotoxicity High alert: Birds acute ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia chronic ecotoxicity: High; Bees acute contact ecotoxicity: High	Human health High alert: Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

GENERAL INFORMATION

A broad spectrum insecticide used to control various sucking and biting insect pests in a range of agricultural, commercial and domestic situations. It is also used in veterinary medicine and for bird control

Example pests controlled

Fruit flies, Leafhoppers, Leaf miners, Stem borers, Codling moth, Mosquitoes, Pigeons, Weaver birds

Example applications

Fruit including apples, pears, avocadoes, grapes, stone fruit; Peppers; Ornamental trees, flowers and shrubs

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Introduction & key dates

1960, first reported & introduced

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Date COPR inclusion expires

UK LERAP status

No UK approval for use

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway

Additional information

Chemical structure

Chemical formula

C₁₀H₁₅O₃PS₂

Canonical SMILES

CC1=C(C=CC(=C1)OP(=S)(OC)OC)SC

Isomeric SMILES

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

PNVJTZOFSHSLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C10H15O3PS2/c1-8-7-9(5-6-10(8)16-4)13-14(15,11-2)12-3/h5-7H,1-4H3

2D structure diagram/image available?

Insecticide, Veterinary substance, Avicide

Substance groups

Organophosphate insecticide

Minimum active substance purity

Known relevant impurities

Substance origin

Contact, stomach and respiratory action. Cholinesterase inhibitor.

US EPA chemical code

CLP index number

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

O,O-dimethyl O-[3-methyl-4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl] phosphorothioate

O,O-dimethyl O-4-methylthio-m-tolyl phosphorothioate

O,O-dimethyl O-(3-methyl-4-(methylthio)phenyl) phosphorothioate

Other status information

Severe Marine Pollutant; Evidence of use in third world countries; Chemical subject to PIC regulations; Highly toxic to birds

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)

Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)

Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)

Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)

Examples of recorded resistance

Many recorded cases, mosquitoes, Bactrocera dorsalis, Myzus persicae, Panonychus ulmi, Rhizoglyphus robini

Colourless oily liquid

Related substances & organisms

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Bayer CropScience
AgroCare
King Tech Corp
Mobay

Example products using this active

Baycid
Baytex
Lebaycid
Queletox
Pilartex
Spotton

Formulation and application details

Available in a wide range of formulations including dustable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, granules, concentrates, ULV liquids and wettable powders.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Source; quality score; and other information

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database. Dataset is no longer available.
4 = Verified data

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Dichloromethane

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Melting point (°C)

AC4 AC = EC Joint Research Centre ESIS European Chemical Substance Information Systems including EINECS, now integrated with the database provided by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) (click here )
4 = Verified data

Boiling point (°C)

E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets
3 = Unverified data of known source

Degradation point (°C)

Flashpoint (°C)

E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets
3 = Unverified data of known source

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

6.92 X 10⁰⁴

H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database. Dataset is no longer available.
4 = Verified data

Fat solubility of residues

A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes

Regulatory data - observed in metabolism and farm animal feeding studies

A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes

Density (g ml⁻¹)

AC4 AC = EC Joint Research Centre ESIS European Chemical Substance Information Systems including EINECS, now integrated with the database provided by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) (click here )
4 = Verified data

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database. Dataset is no longer available.
4 = Verified data

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database. Dataset is no longer available.
4 = Verified data

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Source; quality score; and other information

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

W4 W = French database provided by ARVALIS-Institut du Végétal. Dataset no longer available.
4 = Verified data

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DW4 DW = Don Wauchope personal database for Pka data: Wauchope, R. D. and Edwards, J. Dissociation constants for pesticide active ingredients: a database and comparison with predicted values. Dataset is no longer available.
4 = Verified data

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Data variable DT₅₀ ranges 1(aerobic) - 34 days

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix

R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications
4 = Verified data

Published literature RL₅₀ range 5.6-7.6 days, grape berries, n=2; Grape berries in cold storage RL₅₀ range 42-45 days, n=2

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix

R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications
4 = Verified data

Published literature RL₅₀ range 1.0-8.0 days, 6 field crops, various matrices, n=12

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

AC4 AC = EC Joint Research Centre ESIS European Chemical Substance Information Systems including EINECS, now integrated with the database provided by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) (click here )
4 = Verified data

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

W4 W = French database provided by ARVALIS-Institut du Végétal. Dataset no longer available.
4 = Verified data

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Moderately fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Soil adsorption and mobility

Source; quality score; and other information

G3 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET. Available online but no longer updated. (click here )
3 = Unverified data of known source

Slightly mobile

Notes and range

Notes and range

Source; quality score; and other information

GUS leaching potential index

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Potential for particle bound transport index

Potential for loss via drain flow

Slightly mobile

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications
3 = Unverified data of known source

Whole body (Other literature Log BCF range 1.0-2.3 (

R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications
3 = Unverified data of known source

Threshold for concern

CT₅₀ (days)

Known soil metabolites

Major/Minor fraction

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

fenthion sulfoxide (Ref: BAY S 2281)

fenthion sulfone

Known groundwater metabolites

None

Other known metabolites

None

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Source; quality score; and other information

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

AC4 AC = EC Joint Research Centre ESIS European Chemical Substance Information Systems including EINECS, now integrated with the database provided by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) (click here )
4 = Verified data

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

L2 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
2 = Unverified data of unknown source

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets
3 = Unverified data of known source

Colinus virginianus

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets
3 = Unverified data of known source

Eisenia foetida

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: >25% effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

AC4 AC = EC Joint Research Centre ESIS European Chemical Substance Information Systems including EINECS, now integrated with the database provided by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) (click here )
4 = Verified data

Dose: 10 uL/kg soil 20°C

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
3 = Unverified data of known source

Apis mellifera

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)

Beneficial insects (Lacewings)

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps)

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites)

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles)

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Source; quality score; and other information

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets
3 = Unverified data of known source

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators
3 = Unverified data of known source

Pimephales promelas 30 day

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets
3 = Unverified data of known source

Daphnia magna

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators
4 = Verified data

Daphnia magna

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment )
4 = Verified data

Americamysis bahia

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications
4 = Verified data

Chironomus salinarius 24 hr

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Scenedesmus subspicatus

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators
3 = Unverified data of known source

Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata 48 hr

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

Source; quality score; and other information

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

AC4 AC = EC Joint Research Centre ESIS European Chemical Substance Information Systems including EINECS, now integrated with the database provided by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) (click here )
4 = Verified data

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

AC4 AC = EC Joint Research Centre ESIS European Chemical Substance Information Systems including EINECS, now integrated with the database provided by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) (click here )
4 = Verified data

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

AC4 AC = EC Joint Research Centre ESIS European Chemical Substance Information Systems including EINECS, now integrated with the database provided by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) (click here )
4 = Verified data

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 260 mg kg⁻¹

V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID )
3 = Unverified data of known source

Intravenous LD₅₀ = 320 mg kg⁻¹

V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID )
3 = Unverified data of known source

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes

Dermal penetration studies (%)

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

List I; List II

Exposure Routes

Ingestion main poisoning route

EU MRL pesticide database

GB MRL Register

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Excreted in the faeces and urine almost completely after 3days

Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Specific human health issues

Endocrine disruptor

XNo, known not to cause a problem

A3 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database)
3 = Negative

B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database)
0 = No data

C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database)
0 = No data

D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database)
0 = No data

E2 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source)
2 = Mixed/ambiguous results

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

XNo, known not to cause a problem

✓Yes, known to cause a problem

?Possibly, status not identified

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin sensitiser

✓Yes, known to cause a problem

✓Yes, known to cause a problem

✓Yes, known to cause a problem

General human health issues

Harmful in contact with skin or if inhaled or swallowed
May harm central nervous, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems

Handling issues

Value and interpretation

IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1

CLP classification 2013

Health: H302, H312, H331, H341
Environment: H400, H410

WHO Classification

II (Moderately hazardous)

Waste disposal & packaging

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

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