Azamethiphos (Ref: GCA 18809)-Pesticide database

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Azamethiphos (Ref: GCA 18809)

(Also known as: OMS 1825)

Azamethiphos is an organophosphate used as an insecticide and as an antiparasitic agent for veterinary use. It is highly soluble in water, volatile and not expected to leach to groundwater. Not a great deal is known about its environmental persistence. It is modertaley toxic to mammals and not expected to bioaccumulate. It is a mutagen, neurotoxicant and an acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor. Azamethiphos is highly toxic to birds and aquatic invertebrates and moderately toxic to fish.

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate High alert: Drainflow: Mobile Warning: Significant data are missing	Ecotoxicity High alert: Birds acute ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: High; Bees acute oral ecotoxicity: High	Human health High alert: Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor; Neurotoxicant

GENERAL INFORMATION

A residual organophoshorus insecticide for fly control. Also has some applications in fish farming.

Example pests controlled

Houseflies; Beetles; Bugs; Spiders; Sea lice; Cockroaches; Tsetse flies

Example applications

Residences and other buildings

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Introduction & key dates

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Date COPR inclusion expires

UK LERAP status

No UK approval for use

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway

Additional information

Chemical structure

Chemical formula

C₉H₁₀ClN₂O₅PS

Canonical SMILES

COP(=O)(OC)SCN1C2=NC=C(C=C2OC1=O)Cl

Isomeric SMILES

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

VNKBTWQZTQIWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C9H10ClN2O5PS/c1-15-18(14,16-2)19-5-12-8-7(17-9(12)13)3-6(10)4-11-8/h3-4H,5H2,1-2H3

2D structure diagram/image available?

Insecticide, Veterinary substance

Substance groups

Organophosphate insecticide; Organothiophosphate insecticide

Minimum active substance purity

Known relevant impurities

Substance origin

Contact and stomach action, rapid knockdown. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor.

US EPA chemical code

CLP index number

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

S-[(6-chloro-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3(2H)-yl)methyl] O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate

S-6-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-ylmethyl O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate

S-[(6-chloro-2-oxooxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3(2H)-yl)methyl] O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate

Other status information

PAN Bad Actor Chemical

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

UK non-statutory standard for protection of freshwater and saltwater aquatic life 0.02 µg l⁻¹ as annual average, 0.05 as max acceptable conc.

Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)

Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)

Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)

Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)

Examples of recorded resistance

Musca domestica

Colourless to grey cystalline solid

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Syngenta
Ciba-Geigy

Example products using this active

Alfacron
Snip
Zazafly

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as a wettable powders, direct use bait formulations and as bath additives

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Source; quality score; and other information

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets
3 = Unverified data of known source

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Dichloromethane

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Melting point (°C)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Degradation point (°C)

Flashpoint (°C)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Fat solubility of residues

Density (g ml⁻¹)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets
3 = Unverified data of known source

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Source; quality score; and other information

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₅₀ (field)

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Best available data, Industry data DT₅₀ in loamy sand circa 6 hours (E3)

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

pH sensitive ranging from 33 days at pH 5 to 4.3 hrs at pH 9

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Soil adsorption and mobility

Source; quality score; and other information

S1 S = Expert judgement
1 = Estimated data with little or no verification

Notes and range

Notes and range

Source; quality score; and other information

GUS leaching potential index

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Potential for particle bound transport index

Potential for loss via drain flow

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

Q2 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources
2 = Unverified data of unknown source

CT₅₀ (days)

Known metabolites

None

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Source; quality score; and other information

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Colinus virginianus

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Soil micro-organisms

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications
3 = Unverified data of known source

Apis mellifera

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications
3 = Unverified data of known source

Apis mellifera

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)

Beneficial insects (Lacewings)

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps)

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites)

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles)

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Source; quality score; and other information

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Daphnia magna

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

Source; quality score; and other information

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources
3 = Unverified data of known source

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

Dermal penetration studies (%)

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

List I; List II

Exposure Routes

EU MRL pesticide database

GB MRL Register

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

For rats azamethiphos is excreted via faeces, urine & in expelled air. For fish adsorption after topical application is slow and low. Excretion is rapid in all species.

A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications )
4 = Verified data

Specific human health issues

Endocrine disruptor

A3 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database)
3 = Negative

B3 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database)
3 = Negative

C3 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database)
3 = Negative

D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database)
0 = No data

E1 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source)
1 = Positive

XNo, known not to cause a problem

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

✓Yes, known to cause a problem

✓Yes, known to cause a problem

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin sensitiser

?Possibly, status not identified

?Possibly, status not identified

✓Yes, known to cause a problem

General human health issues

Mutagenic potential

Handling issues

Value and interpretation

IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1

CLP classification 2013

Health: H302, H317, H332
Environment: H400, H410

WHO Classification

II (Moderately hazardous)

Waste disposal & packaging

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

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